MITM

 

 MITM

MAN IN THE MIDDLE ATTACK

MITM :- 

             MITM stands for Man-in-the-Middle. It is a type of cyber attack where an attacker intercepts

and possibly alters communications between two parties who believe they are directly                   communicating with each other. In a typical MITM attack, the attacker secretly relays and possibly        modifies the messages between the two parties without their knowledge.

To carry out a MITM attack, the attacker positions themselves between the two parties, often by compromising a network or by using specialized software or hardware. The attacker then intercepts the traffic passing between the two parties and can read, modify, or inject new messages into the communication stream.

MITM attacks can occur in various scenarios, such as:

1. Public Wi-Fi Networks: Attackers can exploit vulnerabilities in insecure public Wi-Fi networks to intercept and manipulate traffic between users and the Internet.

2. Eavesdropping: Attackers can intercept network traffic using techniques like packet sniffing to capture sensitive information like login credentials, financial data, or personal information.

3. SSL/TLS Stripping: Attackers can strip the secure connection between a user and a website by downgrading the communication from HTTPS to HTTP, making it easier to intercept and modify the traffic.

4. DNS Spoofing: Attackers can manipulate the Domain Name System (DNS) to redirect users to malicious websites or intercept their communications.

MITM attacks can be highly dangerous as they can lead to unauthorized access, data theft, identity theft, and the compromise of sensitive information. To mitigate the risk of MITM attacks, it is crucial to use secure communication channels, ensure the integrity of certificates and encryption protocols, and be cautious when using public networks or accessing sensitive information online.

NOW LET'S ATTACK ON A DUMMY SYSTEM BY USING ETTERCAP-GRAPHICAL

This attack can be performed by using terminal  but it is a bit hard to read the data when you perform mitm attack by using terminal . However i will show you how to perform both graphical and terminal attacks . This attack will only work on LAN network 

Let me tell you something interesting when ever you open a browser or tying to search something on google first you computer will sent the request to the router and then the router will send the request to the google server . when the server recive the request then it will send back respone to the router and then the router will redirect it to your ip address . usually when some one is using mitm attack they will mask their as your  computer ip so the router will think that ip address is the recever so it will send all the information to the hacker . Then the hacker will send that information to your computer so you don't notice that you are being attacked.by doing this he will be able to watch what are you typing your password's which site you are visiting they might be able to take pictures that are loading on the screen.

First to perform this attack you need two important thing 

======> your target ip address  

======>the Gateway of the wifi that you and your target is connected 

FIRST WE WILL USE GRAPHICAL METHOD 

Go to your kali linux and search for ettercap-graphical 

Open ettercap-graphical now and select host list to open it and check the host that are connected to the wifi and now you have choose your router gateway as the target 1 and then your target you perform this attack on as the target two then go to the menu and select to perform the arp poisoning

                                   

         

         

          

ARP POISIONING :-

                                   ARP poisoning, also known as ARP spoofing, is a network attack technique where an attacker sends fake Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) messages to a local area network (LAN). The purpose of this attack is to associate the attacker's MAC (Media Access Control) address with the IP address of another host on the network, such as the default gateway or a specific target device.

ARP is a protocol used to map an IP address to a MAC address on a network. When a device wants to communicate with another device on the same network, it uses ARP to resolve the MAC address of the target device. By manipulating ARP messages, an attacker can redirect network traffic intended for a specific IP address to their own machine.

Here's a simplified overview of how ARP poisoning works:

1. The attacker initiates the ARP poisoning attack by sending out fake ARP messages to the network, claiming to be the owner of a particular IP address.
2. Other devices on the network update their ARP caches, associating the attacker's MAC address with the IP address of the targeted device.
3. When any network device wants to communicate with the targeted device, it sends the traffic to the attacker's machine, thinking it is the legitimate destination.
4. The attacker can intercept, modify, or analyze the network traffic before forwarding it to the actual destination, potentially gaining unauthorized access to sensitive information.

ARP poisoning attacks can be used for various malicious purposes, including:

1. Man-in-the-Middle (MitM) Attacks: By intercepting network traffic, an attacker can eavesdrop on communications, capture sensitive data (such as login credentials or financial information), or modify the data before forwarding it to the intended recipient.
2. Denial-of-Service (DoS) Attacks: An attacker can flood the network with fake ARP messages, causing confusion and disrupting network connectivity for legitimate devices.
3. Session Hijacking: By redirecting traffic, an attacker can hijack active network sessions, gaining unauthorized access to services or systems.

To protect against ARP poisoning attacks, some preventive measures include:

1. ARP Spoofing Detection: Network monitoring tools or intrusion detection systems (IDS) can be deployed to detect and alert administrators about abnormal ARP activities.
2. Static ARP Entries: Manually configuring static ARP entries on network devices can prevent the automatic updating of ARP caches, making ARP poisoning more difficult.
3. Network Segmentation: Dividing the network into smaller segments using VLANs (Virtual Local Area Networks) can limit the scope of an ARP poisoning attack.
4. ARP Spoofing Prevention Tools: There are specific software tools available that can help detect and mitigate ARP spoofing attacks by actively monitoring the network for suspicious ARP activities.

It's important to note that ARP poisoning is considered a malicious activity and is illegal in most jurisdictions unless conducted with proper authorization for legitimate security testing purposes.

After you have selected Arp poisoning it will show you victims.

 

Now it will show the targets url's,username's,password's

Now lets go with the terminal way.

                                   

                 command:- sudo urlsnarf -i eth0

However this command will show you the url's of the target.this will work only while the ettercap is on. 

                 command:- sudo urlsnarf -i eth0

This command will show the images that are scrolling on the targets screen.

MEASURES YOU SHOULD YOU TAKE WHILE YOU ARE PERFORMING THE MITM ATTACK

Performing a Man-in-the-Middle (MitM) attack is generally considered unethical and illegal unless done with proper authorization and for legitimate security testing purposes. Engaging in unauthorized activities can lead to serious legal consequences. However, I can provide you with general information about measures to take when defending against MitM attacks:

1. Use encrypted communication: Always ensure that you are using encrypted communication protocols such as HTTPS, SSH, or VPNs. This helps protect your data from interception and tampering.

2. Verify SSL certificates: When accessing websites or services that use SSL/TLS, verify the authenticity of the SSL certificate. Be cautious of any warnings or errors related to certificates.

3. Keep software up to date: Regularly update your operating system, applications, and security software to patch any known vulnerabilities. This helps protect against potential exploitation.

4. Use secure networks: Avoid using public or untrusted networks, especially when dealing with sensitive information. Stick to trusted networks that require authentication and implement security measures.

5. Implement strong passwords: Use strong and unique passwords for your accounts and ensure they are not easily guessable. Consider using a password manager to securely store and manage your passwords.

6. Be cautious of phishing attacks: Be vigilant against phishing emails, messages, or websites designed to trick you into revealing sensitive information. Verify the legitimacy of the sources before sharing any sensitive data.

7. Monitor network traffic: Keep an eye on your network traffic for any suspicious activity or unexpected connections. Intrusion detection and prevention systems can help in detecting and mitigating potential MitM attacks.

8. Use two-factor authentication (2FA): Enable two-factor authentication whenever possible. This adds an extra layer of security by requiring a second verification step, such as a temporary code or biometric authentication.

9. Educate yourself and your team: Stay informed about the latest security threats and best practices. Educate yourself and your team members on how to recognize and respond to potential MitM attacks.

Remember, it is important to always act ethically and responsibly when it comes to cybersecurity. Unauthorized and malicious activities can have severe consequences.